The term “artificial intelligence” often brings to mind chatbots and digital assistants. However, the next phase, known as superintelligent AI, is expected to have a profound impact on the digital economy in the Middle East and beyond. Global tech leaders predict that this advanced form of AI could arrive in less than five years.

The distinction between current AI systems and superintelligent AI lies in their capabilities. While tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, and DALL-E can perform specific tasks such as writing and coding, they rely on existing data patterns. The challenge now is to develop artificial general intelligence (AGI), which would possess the ability to think and act like a human across a broad range of tasks, learning new subjects and solving problems creatively.

Artificial superintelligence (ASI) would take this a step further, surpassing human intelligence in nearly every domain, including science and emotional intelligence. The technological foundations for this leap are already being established, with advancements in computing power and neural systems. Saudi Arabia is positioning itself at the forefront of this transformation, moving beyond the mere usage of AI to the development of its own systems.

Earlier this month, the Kingdom launched Humain, an initiative supported by the Public Investment Fund, aimed at building robust AI infrastructure and local cloud solutions. The ambitious project also intends to develop a powerful multimodal language model in Arabic. Recognizing that superintelligence must adapt to local contexts and cultural values, Saudi Arabia is focused on shaping AI as a platform for future generations.

Humain will utilize over 18,000 Blackwell GPUs from Nvidia, while collaborations with AMD and Microsoft will fund AI training systems and chip architecture research. Amazon Web Services has also committed to invest $5 billion in establishing an AI Zone in Saudi Arabia. These partnerships are seen as foundational elements for long-term technological strength, enabling the Kingdom to stay ahead as superintelligent AI approaches.

According to Yousef Khalili, the global chief transformation officer and CEO for the Middle East and Africa at Quant, superintelligent systems could lead to innovations such as autonomous legal platforms and AI-designed cities. The implications for the broader Middle East economy could be significant, potentially accelerating intelligent governance and infrastructure development.

Superintelligent AI could analyze policies in real time, improving sectors like traffic management and public health, thereby helping Saudi Arabia achieve its Vision 2030 goals more effectively. Furthermore, it could revolutionize education by offering personalized learning experiences tailored to individual students.

The scientific potential of superintelligent AI is vast, with prospects for breakthroughs in medicine, clean energy, and materials science. These advancements align with Saudi Arabia’s increasing focus on biotechnology and sustainable energy investments. Additionally, new industries may emerge, with NEOM serving as a testing ground for these innovations.

As the region prepares for this technological shift, the need for leadership in AI governance becomes critical. Without clear rules and ethical frameworks, the risks of superintelligent AI could include economic disruption and job displacement. Abdullah Al-Swaha, Saudi minister, emphasized the importance of not just following existing standards but actively participating in their creation.

In conclusion, the rapid approach of superintelligent AI presents a unique opportunity for nations that invest early and manage wisely. Saudi Arabia is setting a precedent by building sovereign AI systems and securing substantial infrastructure deals, positioning itself as a leader in a future driven by intelligence rather than oil or labor. If superintelligence emerges by 2028, the Middle East will not just be an observer—it will be at the forefront of this transformative era.